The Lexington Herald-Leader reported that a hepatitis A outbreak is ongoing. The Lexington-Fayette County Health Department is working to trace the source of the outbreak, and has discovered that a food worker was one of three people diagnosed with hepatitis A.
The food worker is among three confirmed cases of hepatitis A that the health department reported yesterday. A fourth likely case is being investigated. Kevin Hall, the health department’s spokesman, said the four cases occurred in two households and that the infected people know one another.
"There was interaction between the households," Hall said.
At this point, health department investigators think the food service worker had a low likelihood of spreading the disease. The person was not at work when he or she was most infectious and did not work at the restaurant for long.
Hepatitis A is a communicable (or contagious) disease that spreads from person to person. It is transmitted by the “fecal – oral route.” This does not mean, or course, that Hepatitis A transmission requires that fecal material from an infectious individual must come in contact directly with the mouth of a susceptible individual. It is almost always true that the virus infects a susceptible individual when he or she ingests it, but it gets to the mouth by an indirect route.
Food contaminated with the virus is the most common vehicle transmitting Hepatitis A. The food preparer or cook is the individual most often contaminating the food. He or she is generally not ill: the peak time of infectivity (i.e., when the most virus is present in the stool of an infectious individual) is during the 2 weeks before illness begins. Hepatitis A is spread almost exclusively through fecal-oral contact, generally from person-to-person, or via contaminated food or water. Outbreaks associated with food have been increasingly implicated as a significant source of Hepatitis A infection. Such “outbreaks are usually associated with contamination of food during preparation by an HAV-infected food handler.”2 Indeed, “[v]iral gastroenteritis was reported as the most common food-borne illness in Minnesota from 1984 to 1991, predominantly associated with poor personal hygiene of infected food handlers.”