Salmonella is indeed a significant cause of foodborne illness worldwide and can be deadly, especially in certain vulnerable populations. Here are some key points regarding its severity:
Symptoms: Infection with Salmonella, known as salmonellosis, usually presents with diarrhea, fever, abdominal cramps, and vomiting. Symptoms typically begin 6 hours to 6 days after infection and can last 4 to 7 days.
Severity: While most people recover without treatment, Salmonella can be severe and even fatal in young children, elderly individuals, pregnant women, and those with weakened immune systems. Complications can include severe dehydration, sepsis, or the bacteria spreading to other parts of the body.
Common Sources: The bacteria are frequently found in raw or undercooked meat, poultry, eggs, and unpasteurized milk and juice. Contamination can also occur through contact with infected animals or their environments.
Treatment: Rehydration is crucial in treating salmonellosis. Antibiotics may be necessary for severe cases or for those at high risk of complications. However, antibiotic resistance is an emerging issue in some strains, which can make treatment more difficult.
Impact: According to the World Health Organization, Salmonella is one of the most common causes of foodborne illness worldwide. The CDC estimates that it causes roughly 1.35 million infections, 26,500 hospitalizations, and 420 deaths annually in the United States alone.
Preventing Salmonella infections involves proper handling, cooking, and storing of food, along with practicing good hygiene, such as frequent handwashing. Food safety measures and education are vital in reducing the incidence and severity of Salmonella outbreaks.